What is Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) And How Does It Work?

In the world of metalworking, Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) is a revolutionary technique that’s changing the game. It’s a sustainable and efficient approach to lubrication that minimises the use of traditional cutting fluids, offering a multitude of benefits for both manufacturers and the environment.

What is MQL?

MQL stands for Minimum Quantity Lubrication. It’s a precise lubrication method that delivers a micron-sized mist (or aerosol format) of highly concentrated lubricant directly to the cutting zone. Unlike traditional flood lubrication, which uses copious amounts of cutting fluid, MQL uses significantly less, typically 95% less.

Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) is also called Near Dry, Dry or Micro Dosing Lubrication. It is delivered in very small quantities – only what is needed for optimal performance, no more, no less.

How Does MQL Work?

The MQL system consists of four key components:

1. Lubricant reservoir: This holds the concentrated lubricant, often a vegetable-based oil.
2. Dosing unit: This precisely meters the lubricant and mixes it with compressed air.
3. Delivery nozzle: This directs the air-lubricant mist to the cutting zone.
4. Control unit: This manages the system parameters, like air pressure and flow rate.

The compressed air atomises the lubricant into a fine mist, precisely targeted at the tool-workpiece interface. This mist lubricates and cools the cutting zone, reducing friction and heat. The minimal amount of lubricant ensures efficient chip removal and prevents workpiece build-up.

Benefits of MQL:

MQL offers numerous advantages over traditional lubrication methods:

• Environmental: Reduced fluid consumption translates to less waste generation and disposal costs. MQL lubricants are often biodegradable, further minimising environmental impact.
• Economic: Lower fluid usage means savings on lubricant purchase and disposal, as well as reduced energy consumption due to smaller pumps and lower system pressure.
• Operational: Improved chip evacuation, better surface finish, and extended tool life contribute to increased productivity and reduced downtime.
• Health & Safety: Reduced mist and airborne particles improve worker safety and comfort compared to traditional flood lubrication.

Applications of MQL:

MQL is suitable for various metalworking operations, including:

• Milling: Drilling, reaming, threading, and pocketing.
• Turning: Internal and external turning, grooving, and threading.
• Grinding: Cylindrical, surface, and gear grinding.
• Drilling: Deep hole drilling, tapping, and reaming.

The Future of MQL:

As manufacturers strive for sustainable and efficient practices, MQL is expected to gain even greater traction. Advancements in lubricant technology and system design will further optimise performance and expand the range of applications.

Conclusion

Minimum Quantity Lubrication is a game-changer in the metalworking industry. By delivering significant environmental, economic, and operational benefits, MQL is paving the way for a more sustainable and efficient future for metalworking.